Passé composé - Passif
|
20B |
Passé composé – passif |
|
|
1 |
||
|
2 |
||
|
3 |
||
|
4 |
||
|
20B.1 Passif direct – Option 1 – (Passé composé)Sujet (nom ou pronom, objet direct du verbe principal) + (ai, as, a, avons, avez, ont) + été + verbe principal (p.p.)(e.s.es). (Note: When using the "Passif direct -Option 1" format, the subject of the verb "être" must also be the direct object of the participe passé (p.p.) of the main verb, and because it also precedes the p.p., the p.p. agrees in gender and in number with that subject/direct object.) |
|
20B.1 Examples:
Example 1 (masculin singulier)
Le texte a été corrigé. – Il a été corrigé. The text/It did get corrected. (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The text/It got corrected. (but not routinely) The text/It has been corrected. The text/It has gotten corrected. The text/It was corrected. (but not routinely)
Example 2 (féminin singulier)
La lettre a été corrigée. – Elle a été corrigée. The letter/It did get corrected. (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The letter/It got corrected. (but not routinely) The letter/It has been corrected. The letter/It has gotten corrected. The letter/It was corrected. (but not routinely) |
|
20B.2 Passif direct – Option 2 – (Passé composé)When the direct object appears as a noun: On (sujet indéfini) + (a) + verbe principal (p.p.) + objet direct. ----- When the direct object appears as a pronoun: On (sujet indéfini) + pronom objet direct + (a) + verbe principal (p.p.)(e.s.es). (Note: When there is a direct object, and it precedes the participe passé (p.p.), the p.p. agrees in gender and in number with that direct object.) |
|
20B.2 Examples:
Note: In this context, the subject pronoun "On" means "someone unspecified"
Example 1 (masculin singulier)
On a corrigé le texte. – On l'a corrigé. The text did get corrected. (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The text/It got corrected. (but not routinely) The text/It has been corrected. The text/It has gotten corrected. The text/It was corrected. (but not routinely)
Example 2 (féminin singulier)
On a corrigé la lettre. – On l'a corrigée. The letter/It did get corrected. (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The letter/It got corrected. (but not routinely) The letter/It has been corrected. The letter/It has gotten corrected. The letter/It was corrected. (but not routinely) |
|
20B.3 Passif indirect – (Passé composé)When the indirect object appears as a noun: On (sujet indéfini) + a + verbe principal (p.p.) + objet indirect. ----- When the indirect object appears as a pronoun: On (sujet indéfini) + pronom objet indirect + a + verbe principal (p.p.) (Note: The participe passé (p.p.) never agrees with an indirect object.) |
|
20B.3 Examples:
The verb "parler" can mean speak or talk. In this section, the examples use the "speak" meaning.
Note: In this context, the subject pronoun "On" means "someone unspecified"
Example 1 (masculin singulier)
On a parlé au candidat. – On lui a parlé. The (male) candidate did get spoken to. – He did get spoken to. (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The (male) candidate got spoken to. – He got spoken to. (but not routinely) The (male) candidate has been spoken to. – He has been spoken to. (but not routinely) The (male) candidate has gotten spoken to. – He has gotten spoken to. The (male) candidate was spoken to. – He was spoken to. (but not routinely)
Example 2 (féminin singulier)
On a parlé à la candidate. – On lui a parlé. The (female) candidate did get spoken to. – She did get spoken to. (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The (female) candidate got spoken to. – She got spoken to. (but not routinely) The (female) candidate has been spoken to. – She has been spoken to. (but not routinely) The (female) candidate has gotten spoken to. – She has gotten spoken to. The (female) candidate was spoken to. – She was spoken to. (but not routinely) |
|
20B.4 Passif pronominal – (Passé composé)Sujet (nom ou pronom, inanimé, - objet direct du verbe principal) + se-s' + (est, sont) + verbe principal (p.p.)(e.s.es) (Note: When using the "Passif pronominal (direct)" format, the reflexive pronoun is also the direct object (of the participe passé (p.p.) of the main verb) and it also precedes the p.p., so the p.p. agrees in gender and in number with that direct-object reflexive pronoun – ie. with the subject.) |
|
20B.4 Examples:
Example 1 (masculin singulier)
Le cours s'est donné plusieurs fois. – Il s'est donné plusieurs fois. The course has been given several times. – It has been given several times. The course was given several times. – It was given several times. (but not routinely)
Example 2 (féminin singulier)
La maison s'est vendue. – Elle s'est vendue. The house did get sold. – It did get sold (but not routinely) (for emphasis, negative, or asking a question) The house got sold. – It got sold. (but not routinely) The house has been sold. – It has been sold. The house has gotten sold. – It has gotten sold. The house has sold. – It has sold. The house was sold. – It was sold. (but not routinely) |